Going through Wheatley' s writing (especially "On Imagination") I was struck by the fact that, though a devout Christian, she makes many references to Greek (or Roman) gods, goddesses, and other mythical beings. While their usages vary greatly, it is definitely safe to say that she did not intend for these references to take on a religious meaning. For example, in "On Imagination," Wheatley describes Flora, the goddess of spring and flowers, as one who reigns while not under the clutches of Winter. In addition, Sylvanus, the god of the forests and woods, is called forth during this time. Her purpose here is to evoke to the reader the great joy of imagination and the wealth of life that springs forth as a result. As a slave, it is reasonable to assume that she may have yearned for freedom; perhaps it was through her poetry that she achieved this. Winter, then, may represent the reality of her days: that she could not be free. That being said, it is also true that she was in a very comfortable position and loved and was loved by her family. Moving on, Wheatley continues in mentioning both Tithon and Aurora. Aurora, the goddess of dawn, is described as having cheeks "all glowing with celestial dies;" Tithon, briefly mentioned, was Aurora's lover, and was also the Titan of the dawn.
As was previously described, Wheatley was a devout Christian who loved and worshipped God. She did make many references to Greek (Roman) gods and goddesses, but can also be seen to scorn these mythological beings. In "On being brought from Africa to America," Wheatley starts off by saying that is was God's mercy that delivered her from her "Pagan land." This almost-disgusted tone best describes her view towards her native lands. However, as was discussed, she does glorify her new land, America, in "To His Excellency General Washington" by concentrating the ideas and ideals of America into the new goddess, Columbia. This does not relate to any religious sense but instead serves to evoke the glory of Ancient Greece and transfer it to America. In addition, it is an appeal to the Classical model.
But what do you guys think? How else did Wheatley employ Greek/Roman gods and goddesses? Could they be interpreted in a religious sense? Why does she choose these specific ones and what is their purpose?
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Hey, it's Erin.
Her references to Greek/Roman mythology reminded me a lot of Anne Bradstreet. I agree with Ian that they aren't meant in a religious sense; she is simply using, as we discussed in class, the classical model and possibly proving her credibility because she can make these references. I think that another way she uses them is to glorify her ideals, such as her views of America; I suppose that Wheatley uses Columbia as Bradstreet used the Muse - a stand-in for God.
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